Visual Algebra textbook & supplemental materials
In 2010, I taught abstract algebra, roughly following Visual Group Theory (VGT),
a book written by Nathan Carter, a few years after taking a course by Doug Hofstadter at the University of Indiana, by the same name. The renowned
mathematician Steven Strogatz at Cornell, calls VGT "One of the
best introductions to group theory -- or to any branch of higher math
-- I've ever read." VGT has 300 color illustrations, and focuses on
the intuition behind the difficult concepts in group theory. However, it is, by design, a "general audience book," and so I needed to greatly supplement it to meet the needs of undergraduate math majors.
After a few iterations of my course, it had converged to something that I thought would never change. When I taught it online in 2016, I recorded a full set of 46 YouTube videos, that I really liked. Finally, in 2019, after my students and I were equally frusterated at the lack of a textbook for the material I was teaching, I bit the bullet and decided to write one. It is titled Visual Algebra, and should be completed in 2023.
At first, I didn't know how much it would be different than a "souped up version of VGT," but the beauty (or horror) of writing a book, is that it takes on a life of its own and to a place you never could have prediced. Several years and 700 pages later, I have learned so much more about (undergraudate!) group theory than I ever thought existed, I expanded the scope to over an entire year's worth of content. In the process, I developed hundereds of new visuals that I never would have ever dreamed of just a few years earlier---when I naively thought my course had "converged". My book now as over 600 pictures, and I look back at my YouTube playlist with slight disappointment, and cannot wait until I get to re-record a brand new series of videos that follows Visual Algebra. I have since taught Algebra 2, and Graduate Algebra 1 following this approach.
On this page, I will post relevant materials, including slides, HW, exams, and links. If you are an instructor interested in teaching abstract algebra this way, please get in touch! I would be happy to help you, give advice, and share materials.
Table of Contents, with links to corresponding lecture slides
- Groups, intuitively (56 pages. Last updated Dec 4, 2024)
- Examples of groups (110 pages. Last updated Jan 31, 2024)
- Group structure (98 pages. Last updated Mar 4, 2024)
- Maps between groups (94 pages. Last updated Mar 9, 2024)
- Actions of groups (122 pages. Last updated Apr 1, 2024)
- Extensions of groups (80 pages. Last updated Dec 18, 2023)
- Universal constructions (97 pages. Last updated Dec 18, 2023)
- Rings (86 pages. Last updated Apr 12, 2024)
- Domains (88 pages. Last updated Jan 16, 2024)
- Fields (coming soon!)
- Galois theory (coming soon!)
To do list
-
Finish writing Visual Algebra (mostly just Ch 11)
- Add more content to Chapter 9: quadratic integer rings and algebraic number theory
- Add more exercises to Chapters 8--11
- Rewrite a few earlier sections based on the book's "natural
evolution"
- Create slides for Chapters 10 and 11
- Clean up and standardize the LaTeX of existing slides
- Post LaTeX files of slides to GitHub (after book is finished)
- Record a new set of Visual Algebra YouTube lectures
(after book is finished)
My courses that use Visual Algebra (click through for materials)
- Undergraduate Algebra I (Math 4120)
- Undergraduate Algebra II (Math 4130)
- Graduate Algebra I (Math 8510)
Visual Algebra exams
Undergraduate Visual Algebra homework (Math 4120, 4130)
- HW 1: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Introduction to groups,
symmetries, and Cayley diagrams.
- HW 2: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Examples of groups, roots of
unity.
- HW 3: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Polytopes and groups of
permutations.
- HW 4: pdf
| tex
| img. Topics: Dicyclic, diquaternion, semidihedral,
and semiabelian groups. Automorphisms.
- HW 5: pdf
| tex
| img. Topics: Subgroups, cosets, and
normalizers.
- HW 6: pdf
| tex
| img. Topics: Normality and
conjugate subgroups.
- HW 7: pdf
| tex
| img. Topics: Quotient groups, conjugacy
classes, and centralizers.
- HW 8: pdf
| tex | img. Topics: Homomorphisms and
isomorphisms.
- HW 9: pdf
| tex
| img. Topics: Isomorphism theorems,
commutators, automorphisms, semidirect products.
- HW 10: pdf
| tex
| img. Topics: Group actions.
- HW 11: pdf
| tex
| img. Topics: Groups acting on elements,
subgroups, and cosets.
- HW 12: pdf
| tex
| img. Topics: Sylow theory.
- HW 13: pdf
| tex
| img.
Topics: Rings, ideals, and homomorphisms.
- HW 14: pdf
| tex
| img.
Topics: Finite fields, prime and primary ideals, radicals.
- HW 0: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Review of Algebra 1.
- HW 1: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Rings of fractions.
- HW 2: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: PIDs, Euclidean domains, and
quadratic integer rings.
- HW 3: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Norm Euclidean domains, Sunzi's remainder
theorem.
- HW 4: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Polynomial rings.
- HW 5: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Group extensions and short
exact sequences.
- HW 6: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Composition series, commutators,
and solvable groups.
- HW 7: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Central series and nilpotent
groups.
- HW 8: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Field extensions.
- HW 9: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Galois groups.
- HW 10: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Galois theory.
- HW 11: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Free groups, group presentations.
Graduate Visual Algebra homework (Math 8510)
- HW 1: pdf |
tex |
img.
Topics: Introduction to groups and Cayley graphs.
- HW 2: pdf |
tex |
img.
Topics: Subgroups, cosets, conjugacy, normalizers,
centralizers.
- HW 3: pdf |
tex |
img.
Topics: Homomorphisms, semidirect products.
- HW 4: pdf |
tex |
img.
Topics: Automorphisms, group actions.
- HW 5: pdf |
tex |
img.
Topics: Sylow theory.
- HW 6: pdf |
tex |
img.
Topics: Extensions, short exact sequences, solvability.
- HW 7: pdf |
tex |
img.
Topics: Nilpotent groups.
- HW 8: pdf |
tex |
img.
Topics: Universal constructions, products, coproducts.
- HW 9: pdf |
tex |
img.
Topics: Categories, free groups.
- HW 10: pdf |
tex |
img. Topics: Group presentations, free products, fiber products and coproducts.
- HW 11: pdf |
tex | img.
Topics: Rings and ideals.
- HW 12: pdf |
tex
| img.
Topics: Finite fields, prime ideals, rings of fractions.
- HW 13: pdf |
tex
| img.
Topics: Divisibility and factorization, quadratic integer rings.
- HW 14: pdf |
tex
| img. Topics: Sunzi's remainder theorem, polynomial
rings.
Other resources
- My webpage.
- Webpage for my six full YouTube classes, including Visual Group Theory.
- My undergraduate Visual Algebra I course (Spring 2022 version) in
one long meta Twitter thread of my weekly summary threads, from
@VisualAlgebra.
- YouTube link to a talk I gave titled What is...a Cayley diagram? at the virtual What is...a seminar?, December 2021.
- YouTube link to a talk I gave titled A visual tour of the beauty of group theory, at the Talk math with your friends seminar, October 2021.
- Group Explorer, a free software program to
accompany the
Visual Group Theory book.
- GroupNames, a tremendous resource and database for finite groups.
- LMFDB, a powerful search tool for finite groups.
- WeddsList group theory page, with lots of nice visuals, especially Cayley graphs.
- Database of ring theory
- The free open source GAP (Groups, Algorithms, Programming) software package, and a nice Mac interface called Gap.app
- An inquiry-based approach to abstract
algebra, by Dana
Ernst. Free e-book which follows the "Visual Group Theory"
approach. His course materials can be
found here.